Litigation refers to the process of taking legal action to enforce or defend a legal right. In the business or commercial context, litigation covers a variety of issues, ranging from business formation and management, shareholders’ rights, protection of intellectual property, real estate transactions, employment and workplace safety, breach of contract, to sale and distribution of goods, secured transactions, loans and financing, negotiable instruments, computer-related and internet transactions.

Asset protection consists in risk-reducing strategies meant to insulate assets against liability. Care should be taken to focus on non-fraudulent strategies, made without intent to defraud creditors, and avoid questionable techniques.

Tax controversy refers to tax disputes between business or individuals and tax collection agencies at federal or state level. Such controversies are usually triggered by an audit, covering a broad spectrum of taxes like income, payroll, property, or sales and use tax. Litigation remedies include filings in Tax Court, US district courts, Court of Federal Claims, bankruptcy court.